Abstract
In the contemporary landscape of international relations, few partnerships have attracted as much global attention and scholarly debate as the evolving relationship between China and Africa. This multifaceted alliance has undergone significant transformation, yielding profound implications for both Africa and the wider international system. This article examines the dynamics of Africa–China relations within the broader context of globalization. It traces the roots of their economic cooperation to the 1950s and 1960s, a period marked by the decolonization of several African states. The central argument of this study is that the shared history of anti-imperialism and a mutual commitment to the principles of sovereignty laid the foundation for diplomatic engagement between China and Africa. While China, particularly under the leadership of Chairman Mao Zedong, extended ideological and material support to African nations in their struggles against imperialism and neo-colonialism, African countries, in turn, have embraced Chinese investments as strategic tools for addressing infrastructural deficits and promoting industrialization. This engagement, however, occurs in a context where Chinese interests in resource extraction, infrastructure development, and manufacturing are also advanced. Adopting a qualitative research design and employing thematic analysis, this study situates Africa–China relations within the processes and complexities of globalization. It concludes that while the partnership has presented considerable opportunities, it is imperative to address its associated challenges. Balancing economic interests with sustainability, safeguarding political sovereignty, and fostering cultural understanding are essential for deepening and sustaining mutually beneficial diplomatic ties between Africa and China.